black



` Jan. 3, i528.

L. c.l BLACK ROTARY DISK DRILL BIT Filed J .8, 1925 s sheets-snm 2 En E. Y F

FIEE- FIE-4 Jan. 3, 1928.

\ L.. c. BLACK ROTARY DISK DRILL BIT .a File@ Jams. 1925y FIElCl- Patented Jan. 3, 1928.

lAir-Erfse attain Lns'rnn c. BLACK, or Los .airs-mns, CALIFORNIA.,

ROTARY msi; nniLL nir.

application flied January e, 1925.` semi N0. rias.

The invention relates to a rotary drilling full tliat form of my invention which I have i bit in which a plurality of rotating cutting disks are employed to cut the formation.

Drill bits of `this Ageneral type `have been f very widelyused in the vdrilling of oil wells.

These prior drill bits have invariably comprised a. body, a plurality of disks and means for mounting the disks onthe body. rlhe disks haveusually been mounted on the l bocy by means of a Vseparate pin or stud, which formed an axle on which the disk was journalled. Due to the fact that these pins or studs are separate or detachable, means halve been provided for attaching Vcomprisingr a thread on the pin, which is screwed into engagement with a thread in thebody ofthe bit, with a lock nut on the end of the inserted pin. Other types use a pin that is inserted through a hole provided in the body and use a combination of screwed bushings and locknuts to hold the disk in place. Bearings of this type possess" an inherent weakness and must be comparatively small. The pins carryt-he entire weight applied on the tool when drilling and, due to the relatively small size `of1 the pins, the pins havenotjwithstood the load. The size of `the pin is limited, due to `various mechanical limits imposed on the design of the various bits and by the necessity of maintaining the disks in properdposition and in proper relation to each other. The pin, therefore, constituted the weakest part of the drill.` i j j I i In accordance with my invention, I provide a disk bit of such construction that the objectionable features heretofore mentioned are eliminated. An object of my invention therefore. isto provide a ruggedfand substantial bearing for the disk.

Another object of the invention is to provide means for holding the disks on the load carrying bearings so that they will not become displaced in use. i

A further object of the invention, is to position the load carrying bearing so that it presents its greatest strength in the direction ofthe reaction caused by the operation of the disk against the formation.

The "invention possesses other advantageous features, some of which with Vthe foregoingwill be set forth at `length inthe following description, where I shall outline in fil them to the body, this means in some types selected for illustration in the drawings ac- "companying and formingpart of the present spccilication. In said drawings I have shown one form of drill bit embodying my invention, but it is to be understood that I do not limit myself to such form, since the invention as set forth in the claims, may be embodied in a pluralityof forms. *Referring to said drawings:

j liligijure l is a side elevation of the lower portion "of a" drill hit embodying my invention.

Figui-e 2 is a. compound section ofthe drill j 'line 2"42'?. Figure j Fig-ure e is an underneath view of the idrill `bit of my invention.

Figure Liis an elevation of one cutting disk` and its bearing, part thereof being omittedgtobetter show the construction Figure 5 is a cross section taken on the line 5-5Figure 4.' p Fi `mire- 6 is anelevation of the filler block forming part of thedevice of my inven- `t1on.

i Figure" filler block.` i Figure 8 is avertical section ofthe filler lfloclr talren on `the line 8-4-8 Figure 6. l, Figure 9 a side elevation of 'the lower portion of the drill body.

Figure 1() is an end elevation of the lower portion of the drill body.

`'lhedrillbit of my invention comprises a body l2, preferably formed of steel, the lowerA portion of which is preferably tapered to provide two substantially flat,`in

is Vanjunderneath view of the clined sides 13 and 114. Formed on each side of the body and integral therewith .is a projection which constitutes the load carrying; bearing for the applied cutting disk. "lhe projection lois formed onV one side of the bodyY and the lprojection 16 is formed on the other side of the body. The axes of these projections are perpendicular to the faces 13 and bland consequently are inclined to the. vertical anis of the body.` The two projections are oppositely offset with respect to thevertical axis ofthe body as shown in Figure l9,"so"that one projection `l5 lios to the left of thevertical axis and the other projection 16 lies to the right of the vertical axis. Each projection is formed on its lower surfacewith an arcuate surface l?, which is formed substantially on a curve concentric to the curve of the bore of the applied disk, and includes a bushing 19 formingl a bearing surface of vsubstantially the saine curvature as the bore of the applied disk. These surfaces are so disposed that-the line of react-ion of the cutting disk, during the operation of the tool bisects the arcuate surface.. :in other words, the arcuate surface is presented to the load', so that, in

.the operationrof the drill, substantially the entire loa-d falls on the arcuate surface. rlihese surfaces are offset oppositely with respect to -the vertical axis of the body, so that the bisectors of the twoarcs intersect, as shownv in Figure 9. The broken lines A-B, which bisecty the two arcuate surfaces, also `represent the line of force due tothe reaction of the cutting tool. The upper surface of each projection is preferably arcuate and concentric with a point on .the biseetor below the point of concentricity ofthe arcuate surface 1T, so that the niaxiininn diameter of the projection is less than twice the radius of the arcuate surface 17. Therefore each projection has major and n'iinor dimensions, measured in La plane parallel to one. of the sides 13 and 111. l

Each vprojection is provided on its lower edge, substantially coextensive with the arcuate surface 17, with a flange 18, which serves to hold the applied diskrin position on .the projection bearing. The radius of the arcuate surface 17 is preferably less than the radius of the bore of the applied disk and the bushing 19 is interposed between the surface 17 andthe bore, to .take the Wear. The bushings,r extends beyond the ends of the arcuate surface and is held against rotation by an applied block, as will .hereinafter be set forth.

Journalled on each projection is a cutting disk, the cutting -disk 21 being journalled on the projection v15 and the cutting disk 22 being journalled on the projection 16. These cutting disksy may be ina-de in any desired design and are axially rotatable on their respective bearings during the operation of the drill.

The projection is of smaller size than the bore in the disk and a tiller block is employed to hold the bore in Contact with the arcuate surface 17A and to properly position the disk on the load carrying bearing 15. lnterposed between the upper side of the projection andthe adjacent surface of the bore `of the disk is a filler block 23 having an inner surface 24 which is concentric with and which for-ins a snug, lit with the upper surface 25 of the projection` The filler block 23 tits into the space in the the vertical axis of the body.

Lasarte bore of the disk between the surface of the bore and the projection 15 and is provided on its upper side with an arcuate surface QG, which, when the block in position, is concentric with the arcuate surface li' and the hearing' surlace Vof bushing it). The ,tiller block is provided along its upper side with an orerhanging .tiangc 2T which, when the block is in position, ovei'lies the cutting disk and holds it in position. :kt its edges, the filler block is provided with shoulders E23 :against which the ends olt the bushing 19 abut., tlnis holding the bushing` in position against rotation. During the operation of the drill. siihsiantially thc entire drilling load is carried by the projections l5 and 16, the tiller block serving principally to forni rguide bearings for the rotating' disk. linterposed between thc rotating disk and the bod)v of the drill a washer Q0. which is held against rotation ln' a stud 3l seated in the body, so that the wear produced by the rotation of the disk .falls on the washer.

Virtue of the opposite :odset positions of the projections 1.5 and 1G and the opposite inclinations ot the bisectors of the arcuate surfaces 17, the liller blocks 03 on opposite sides of .the body are in partial alineinent and means .ext-ending Vthrough the alined or overlappinpT portions is employed for lirinly holding` .the filler blocks in position. The body 12 is formed with a transverse aperture 33, the .extension of the .aperture beyond the bod-j' lying partially in the projections 1.5 and 1G as shown in Figures 9 and 10. .Each projection is provided in .its upper surface with an arcuate groove 34;. which comprises Van extension ofthe surface of the aperture in the body.. YEach. filler block Q25 is provided with an arcuate groove 35 therein, which is a conjugate .of the groove 3-1 forined in the projection.l .so that when the filler block is fitted into position, a continuous hole is forined tint-)ugh the liller block and body. 'The `grooves in the projections and iu the filler blocks on oppor-tite sides ofthe body. are alined ywith .each other and with the hole .through `the body. ilorlning a straight bore .transverseljY through the body. The liller blocks .are held in position by a bolt :lo extendingv through the bod)7 and thc li'ller block and being;v tightlysccured therein. The filler blocks and `the projections are provided. around the 4grooves therein. with seals 51T and 38, inclined to the surfaces of the iillcr blocks and the projections. and parallel to The surfacesI of these seats are perpendicular to the axis of the holt 3G and are engaged by the surfaces` of the head and uut on the bolt. By virtue of this construction reryruggred bearing for Ythe cuttingA disk is provided. so that the drill niay be used to its inaxinnun capacity. Rotation of the ycutting` disk in either direction will not tend to loosen the lll) " bearing for the disk and the disk may `be readily dismounted and replaced when worn.

' Means are `provided for supplying a fluid vehicle or lubricant to thecutting edges of the disks, and in the present instancetliis means comprises `the conduits 39 extending downward throughthe body and opening at thebottoinof thebody at the holes 41,. `Mud or other `vehicular or 'lubricating Huid is discharged downward through the conduits `39 into the bottom of thehole being drilled.

I claim: i l: In afrotary disk drill bit, a body, an 1ntegral projection on the body, said projection havingan integraliiange, a cutting `disk operatively disposed behind said flange and journa'lled onthe projection, and means for removably retaining said disk in operative position. i

2. In arotary disk'drill bit, a body, an integrallateral projection on the body having a lower bearing fa'cc` of substantially the same curvature as the bore of an applied cutting disk, a fiange `on said projection substantially `coerztensive with said bearing face, al cutting disk mountedion the projection and disposed behind the flange and bearing against said lower liace, and means for removably retaining said disk on said projection. j

3. In a rotary disk drill bit, a body, a lateral projection on the body oflesser size than the bore of an applied cutting disk, one face of' the projection being of substantially the same curvature as the bore in the disk, a flange on said projection a cuttingl disk mounted on said projection and engaging said face and a removable block filling the space between the projection and the surface of the bore in the cutting disk, whereby said kdisk may be removed from the projection upon removal of said block.

4. In a rotary disk drill bit, a body, a lat eral integral projection on the body, the axis of the projection beinginclined to the aXis of rotation of the body, a flange on only the lower side of the projection, a cutting disk disposed on the projection and disposed behind-said flange, and means for removably retaining said disk upon said projection.

5. In a rotary disk drill bit, a body and a bearing for an applied cutting` disk co1uprising a load carrying bearing projecting from the body and adapted to engage an arc of the bore of the disk on the lower side thereof, a flange secured to said load carry- .ing bearing and a disk centering bearing secured to the body and adapted to engage an arc of the bore of` the disk on the upper side thereof, said ldisk centering bearingl bcing removable from said load centering bearing to permit the disk to be shifted from its centered position for removal fron'i the load carrying bearing.

6. In a rotary disk drill bit, a body, a projectionon the side of the body having a bearing "surface on its under side, a flange overlying said bearing surface, cutting disk engaging said bearing surface and un derlying said flange, a block cooperating with said projection and having a bearing surface on `its upper side in bearing engagement `with the disk and a flange on the block overlying the disk.

7. In a rotary disk drill bit, a body, integralprojections on opposite sides of the body, said projections being oppositely offset with respect to the vertical axis ofthe body, a block associated with each projection, a bolt securing said blocks to the bodv and a cutting disc journalled on each projection and block assembly.

8. In a rotary disk drill bit, body, pro jections on opposite sides of the body, said irojections being oppositely offset withre spect to the vertical axis of the body, an arcuate surface on the lower side ofeach projection, a block associated with each project-ion, unitary means for detachably holding the two blocks `in position, an arcuate surface on the upper side of each block, the arcuate surfaces of' each projection and block assembly being concentric and a cutting ydisk journalled on each projection and block assembly, whereby said disks may be removed from said projections upon removal of said blocks.

9. In a rotary disk drill bit, a. body, an integral projection on each side of the body, said projections forming load carrying bearings for applied cutting disks and means including blocks associated with the projections for centering each of said .disks on an axis offset from the center of' its corresponding projection.

l0. In a rota-ry disk drill bit, a body, in tegral projections on opposite sides of the body, the projections being oppositely offset with respect to the vertical axis of the body, an arcuate bearing surface on the lower side of each projection, the bisectors of said arcs being inclined rearwardly with respect to the respective tangente oi the paths of movement of said projections, a re movable block cooperating with each projec tion, each block having an arcuate upper surface concentric with said arcuate surfaces on the projections, a projection and its cooperating block forming a bearing for an applied cutting disk, said disks being re movable from said projections upon removal. of said blocks.

l1. In a device of the class described co1nprisinU, a body, a cutting disk having a circular ore, and a bearing for this disk comprising a projection extending from said body and engaging an arc of the bore of the disk, said arc being less than one-half o'E the circumference of the bore, and a flanged block cooperating with the projection and engaging? another are et the bore of the disk, said block serving to retain the disk upon the projection and beingl removable to permit removal of said disk from said projection.

l2. ln a rotary disk drill bit, a body, a projection extending 'from one face of said body, said projection having major and minor dimensions measured in plane parallel to sai-d tace, an arcuate bearing surface on one side of said projection, a cutting disk having a circular bore positioned on said projection and bearing on said arcuate surface, and mea-ns for retaining said cutting' 'disk' in position on said projection, said means includingl a block ttor suiiaplementing said minor dimension. Y

, 13. ln a device of the class described coinprising, a body having a side `tace, a projection secured to said body and extending;I outwardly from said face, said projection having major and minor dimensions measured in a plane parallel to the general plane of said face, a cutting` disk having a circular bore and adapted to be disposed upon said projection, and means detachably secured in position adjacent said projection for supplementing said minor dimension to torni a circular bearing.;` for said disk and for re- Lessive taining said disk in position on said projection. i

14. In a ldevice of the class described comprising, abody member having a side tace, a cutting disk adapted to be secured adjacent said iace and having` a circular bore, a projection fixed to said body and extending outwardly from said tace, al'lanfge carried by said projection on the outer end thereof, the dimensions of said projection and 'flange being such that said disk may be positioned on said projection or removed therefrom, and another flange detachably secured to said projection for retaining said disk in position on said projection.

l5. ln a device of the class desrribed coinprising, a body adapted to be rotated, a projection extending from said body, a cutting;n disk positioned on said projection, two arcuate bushings tiXcd to said projection and Yforming` bearingsurfaces ior said disk, said bushings being positioned so as to be sub` stantially bisected b v a line inclined rearI wardly with respect to the tangent of the path of movement ot said projection.

In testimony whereof, l have hereunto set my hand.

LESTER C. lilniCK.

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